Integrating Corporate Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategy: The Role of Formal Tools

This paper contributes to the literature debate on role that formal tools used in management of CSR activities can play integration into corporate strategy. In particular, purpose this research is two-fold: firstly, investigate if a high degree formalisation needed reach strategy; secondly, understand what roles process. order answer these questions, eleven case studies large multinational companies operating Italy were developed. The results empirical analysis show often coupled with intensive use formalization, some interesting exceptions. result be explained by active almost all elements process overall